USDA Researchers Develop Naturally Fire-Resistant Cotton Lines

By Rose Swartz May 29, 2023 20 mins read 41 Views

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Jessica Ryan, Public Relations Specialist, United States Department of Agriculture

According to a study published recently in PLOS ONE, researchers at the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service have developed four cotton lines which can be used for self-extinguishing fabrics when exposed to flames. This will reduce the use of flame retardant chemicals in consumer products.

Cotton lines developed from cotton varieties cultivated in the field were characterized by a new flame retardant property. The fabric of the new cotton lines self extinguished when exposed to an open fire, whereas the regular cotton fabric burnt completely in seconds.

The use of these lines in developing commercial cultivars provides an opportunity to improve cotton product safety while reducing economic and environmental impacts from chemical flame retardants, said Brian Condon. Brian Condon is a senior author of the report and retired leader of research at the ARS Cotton Chemistry and Utilization Research Unit located in New Orleans. These lines will benefit producers, growers and consumers.

In a standard 45deg inclined flammability test, the cotton in the top row burned instantly when exposed with an open flame. The fire-resistant cotton on the bottom row also self-extinguished in the same test when exposed to an unlit flame.

Cotton is usually treated with flame retardants to make it flammable when used in consumer products such as clothing, mattresses and upholstery. A multi-parent breeding method was used to create the new cotton lines. This allowed natural genes to interact, resulting in an unexpected trait such as flame retardancy.

ARS researchers Johnie Jenkins and Jack C. McCarty are supervisory research geneticists in the ARS Genetics and Sustainable Agriculture Research Unit, located in Mississippi. They bred lines of cotton to identify genes that influence agronomic characteristics such as yield and insect resistance and fiber qualities such as length and strength.

Jenkins said that "ARS scientists are studying every aspect of cotton production, from 'Dirt to Shirt,' including genetic diversity and field management practices. They also study fiber quality attributes and end-use characteristics."

Researchers found that even though all the cotton lines were flammable, flame retardance was not due to a single gene. They found that a combination of genes produced phenotypes for fibers which had significantly lower heat-release capacities. These new cotton lines also had desirable agronomic traits and fiber qualities, which made them popular for both breeding and consumer use.

We look at the fabric quality and chemical finishing that produces permanent press, wrinkle free, and flame retardant fabrics. Condon said, "We have now found lines that use a novel genetic mechanism to create flame retardance.

Gregory Thyssen is a computational biologist at the ARS Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans.

The research on the durability of flame-resistant properties in different types fabrics, yarns, textiles, and after repeated washings is ongoing. We can then determine which uses of cotton are most likely to benefit from this new property. We are also continuing to study the metabolite responsible for the flame retardant property. This will allow us to better understand the biosynthetic pathway and the key genes that breeders should incorporate into new cultivars. A combination of genes that was not expected is the likely cause of this novel [fire-resistant] property. To make breeding more efficient, we need to narrow down the list of genes to only the most important.

Johnie Jenkins, Jack McCarty and the MAGIC population (multi-parent advanced-generation intercross) will release these lines to cotton breeders. Cotton breeders can use these lines to combine the new flame-resistant trait to other traits that they are already focusing on, such as pest and stress tolerance, fiber quality, and geographic optimization. These lines are derived from cultivated lines and therefore already have many desirable traits. Once enough seed is available for these lines, they can be used to produce cotton. It will take two years for growers to be able to grow these lines, and five years before breeders can incorporate the trait into commercial cotton lines.

Here you can watch a video comparing fire resistant cotton to regular cotton for testing.

Photo Credits1) Field of cotton bolls, Kimberly Vardeman (via Wikimedia);2) Cotton flammability tests (DougHinchliffe);3) A roll cotton cloth (PickPik);4) Cotton in bloom (Christine Moore).

Jessica Ryan is a Public Affairs Specialist with the Agricultural Research Service Office of Communications and Media Relations Ranch of the USDA.

By: The Herb Society of America
Title: USDA Researchers Develop Naturally Fire-Resistant Cotton Lines
Sourced From: herbsocietyblog.wordpress.com/2023/05/29/usda-researchers-develop-naturally-fire-resistant-cotton-lines/
Published Date: Mon, 29 May 2023 09:00:00 +0000

Frequently Asked Questions

What are healing flowers?

Healing flowers are plants that promote peace and tranquillity. They help us unwind after a stressful day and make us feel more relaxed.

They also help us connect to our inner selves and reconnect with nature.

These beautiful blooms are used for meditation, prayer, and contemplation.

We call hundreds of varieties of flowering plants ‘healing’ because they provide such a fantastic experience.

This list includes roses, lilies, irises, daffodils, peonies, tulips, hyacinths, and many more.

But there are two species that I find particularly special. These are the Geranium and Lilium.

Geraniums are very easy to grow and come in various colors. Liliums are also known as lily-of-the-valley, which means 'lily' and 'valley.' Both of these species are popular garden flowers.

Healing flowers are often found growing near water. They are said to bring peace and calmness to those who meditate with them.

In ancient times, people would light candles in flower petals to symbolize the sun. This way, they could honor the sun without needing to go outdoors.

Some say that when you look at these flowers, you may see angels dancing.

Which herbs are healing herbs?

If you look for healing herbs, you won’t find them in the supermarket. There isn’t any place to buy them. There is no store selling them.

You haven’t been able to find healing herbs because they aren’t sold anywhere. They are grown right here in our backyard.

Healing herbs are plants that grow naturally in North America. Like many common household items, these herbs grow throughout the United States and Canada.

These herbs treat minor ailments such as colds, flu, sore throats, coughs, and headaches. Many of these herbs have been used for centuries to help heal wounds and promote overall health.

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For example, the chamomile herb helps relieve stress. This means that if you feel stressed out, you may benefit from taking chamomile tea. Chamomile tea has been shown to reduce anxiety and nervous tension.

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Chamomile tea has many other benefits, including its ability to ease stomach aches and gas pains and even improve digestion.

Another popular healing herb is Echinacea. Echinacea is known for helping to fight infections and boosting the immune system.

Echinacea is commonly taken internally and externally to fight infection, prevent viral diseases, and boost immunity. It is safe to use during pregnancy and lactation.

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This herb is available in both liquid and capsule form. Liquid echinacea is often mixed with honey and lemon juice. The mixture is then strained and consumed.

Capsules are usually made of freeze-dried plant material. They contain standardized amounts of active ingredients. To use capsules, swallow one or two a day.

The third type of herbal remedy is called tincture. Tinctures are alcoholic extracts of herbs. They are typically used to treat internal problems. Tinctures are generally diluted before being ingested.

Tinctures can be taken orally or applied topically. For oral consumption, dilute tinctures with water. Some people prefer to mix tinctures with food.

Tinctures are easy to prepare. Put about one tablespoon of dried herb into a bottle containing enough alcohol to cover the herb completely. Allow the mixture to sit for several weeks. Then strain and consume.

You may want to try some of these natural remedies to see which ones work best.

What plant helps with infection?

There are plants out there that help fight infections. Some even contain anti-bacterial properties. One of them is mint.

Mint has been used for centuries to treat respiratory infections such as cold symptoms and flu. Mint also supports digestion and relieves gas pains. You may find relief with peppermint tea if you have an upset stomach. Peppermint oil has antibacterial properties, which make it effective against germs.

Peppermint tea contains menthol, beta-carotene, vitamin C, calcium, magnesium, iron, and potassium. These nutrients support healthy immune systems and provide energy to keep your body strong.

You can make peppermint tea at home by adding one teaspoon of dried mint leaves to boiling water. Let steep for five minutes and drink hot three times per day.

Or you can buy peppermint tea bags at any grocery store. Simply add two teaspoons of dried mint leaves to a cup of hot water. Steep for 10 minutes and strain. Drink hot three times per day for best results.

What is the difference between basil and oregano?

Both of these herbs belong to the Lamiaceae family. They share similar flavors, but the differences are obvious.

Oregano is more pungent than basil. It also adds an extra layer of flavor to foods.

Basil leaves are smaller than oregano leaves. They are also softer and less aromatic.

The two herbs are often used interchangeably. Although they are quite similar, each has its distinctive qualities.

How is basil used for medicinal purposes?

In ancient times, doctors would prescribe basil leaves to treat colds and coughs. Today, basil contains powerful anti-inflammatory properties, making it an ideal remedy for arthritis, asthma, bronchitis, eczema, gout, hay fever, indigestion, migraines, menstrual cramps, sinus infections, sore throats, ulcers, varicose veins, and more.

Basil is also known for its ability to help protect against cancer, heart disease, diabetes, skin conditions, and even aging.

Basil is often referred to as "the herb of grace" because it helps us relax and unwind after stressful situations. It is also said to improve memory and concentration, boost energy levels, increase libido, and enhance athletic performance.

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What herbs should you take daily?

Depending on your health and wellness needs, many herbs can be taken daily to help improve your overall health.

Popular herbs for daily consumption include ashwagandha, turmeric, ginger, holy basil, chamomile, lavender, peppermint, and cayenne pepper. Ashwagandha is an adaptogenic herb that can help the body resist stress and anxiety. Turmeric is known for its anti-inflammatory properties, while ginger has been shown to aid digestion and boost immunity. Holy basil may help with managing blood sugar levels, as well as providing a calming effect. Chamomile can promote relaxation, while lavender is used in aromatherapy for its calming properties. Peppermint can help aid digestion and reduce nausea, while cayenne pepper has antibacterial properties that may boost your immunity.

As always, you must consult your doctor before taking herbs daily to ensure they are safe for you and do not interact with any other medications or herbs you may be taking.

There is no shortage of information on what foods we should eat and how much exercise we should do. But when it comes to what supplements we should take, there is a dearth of knowledge.

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The medical industry isn’t even allowed to advertise directly to consumers anymore. The best way to learn about natural remedies is to read independent reviews.

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Users will often share their experience with a supplement after taking it. This gives you a good idea of its effectiveness and any side effects.

You can also check out forums dedicated to herbalism. Here you can ask questions and receive answers based on personal experience.

Of course, there are plenty of other ways to learn about herbs.

There are books, websites, blogs, videos, podcasts, and classes. All of them provide valuable information about natural remedies.

What spice is good for inflammation?

Turmeric is one spice that can be beneficial for reducing inflammation. It contains the active ingredient curcumin, which has been studied extensively and shown to have anti-inflammatory effects on the body. Other spices like ginger, cinnamon, cayenne pepper, garlic, and cardamom may also reduce inflammation in the body. Adding these spices to your diet can help reduce inflammation and promote overall health.

Another spice that can be used to reduce inflammation is black pepper. The active ingredient in black pepper, piperine, has been studied and found to have anti-inflammatory properties. It may also help reduce pain associated with inflammation. Additionally, the spice contains antioxidants which are beneficial for overall health.

Adding black pepper to your diet may help reduce inflammation and promote overall health. Be sure to talk with your doctor before adding any spice to your diet, as some spices may interact with your medications or supplements. Eating various healthy foods, including spices with anti-inflammatory benefits, can help keep your body balanced and reduce the risk of chronic inflammation-related illnesses.

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Statistics

The global herbs market is expected to reach more than $125 billion by the end of 2025.
Studies have shown that cinnamon can lower fasting blood sugars by 10-29% in diabetic patients, which is a significant amount (9Trusted Source10Trusted (healthline.com)

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How To

How do I know if my herbs have been treated with pesticides?

If you see a pesticide label on your herbs, the plants were sprayed with chemicals before being sold to you.

These chemicals harm human health and could cause cancer or other serious illnesses.

Unfortunately, this practice has become common around the globe. Many countries allow farmers to spray their crops with pesticides without proper regulation.

In order not to harm themselves, consumers should always ask about the source of their produce. If it comes from a farmer near you, it’s safe to assume it was not treated with pesticides.

However, there are still ways to ensure that your herbs are free from harmful chemicals.

However, if you want to ensure that your herbs aren’t contaminated, you can purchase organic herbs directly from the farm.

This way, you won’t need to worry about the safety of your herbs. You can trust that they weren’t exposed to harmful chemicals.